实践Spring Test

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spring-test

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	    <dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
          	 <version>4.1.2.RELEASE</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

SpringJUnit4ClassRunner

@since 2.5

SpringRunner是SpringJUnit4ClassRunner的别名，@since 4.3

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@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//bean容器配置
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { App1Config.class })
//@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"app-context.xml"})
public class SampleTest {

	@Autowired
	@Qualifier("videoService1")
	private VideoService videoService11;

	@Autowired
	@Qualifier("videoService2")
	private VideoService videoService22;

	@Test
	public void testAbc1() {
		videoService11.sayHello("Angi");
		videoService22.sayHello("Wang");
		Assert.assertNotEquals(videoService11, videoService22);
	}

}

@ContextConfiguration

加载上下文供测试之用

@WebAppConfiguration

声明Web上下文，结合@ContextConfiguration实例化应用上下文，会自动注入WebApplicationContext，利用WebApplicationContext可以创建MockMvc实例。

MockMvc

用于Spring MVC服务端测试支持的主要入口。例如：

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mockMvc.perform(get("/form"))
       .andExpect(status().isOk())
       .andExpect(content().mimeType("text/html"))
       .andExpect(forwardedUrl("/WEB-INF/layouts/main.jsp"));

MockMvcBuilders#webAppContextSetup

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    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  
    @WebAppConfiguration(value = "src/main/webapp")  
    @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
    public class UserControllerWebAppContextSetupTest {  
      
        @Autowired  
        private WebApplicationContext wac;  
        private MockMvc mockMvc;  
      
        @Before  
        public void setUp() {  
            mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build();  
        }  
    }

MockMvcBuilders#standaloneSetup

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@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class UserControllerStandaloneSetupTest {  
  	@Autowired
  	private UserController userController;
  
    private MockMvc mockMvc;  
    @Before  
    public void setUp() {   
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(userController).build();  
    }  
}

perform()

andExpect()

@Rollback

如果希望执行完测试后，数据库等支持事务的资源还原，可以在单元测试上增加@Transactional，由于@Rollback默认值为true，因而会回滚，如果不希望回滚可以不添加@Transactional或者设置@Rollback(false)

@Commit

相当于@Rollback(false)

@TransactionConfiguration

不再推荐使用，推荐使用@Rollback和@Commit

@DirtiesContext

@since 2.0

说明Context被“污染”，会被清除和关闭，重新生成新的。

@Sql

@since 4.1